spirit

英式音标：spirit怎么读

美式音标：spirit怎么读

词汇归类： CET4,TEM4,考研,CET6,中高频词,常用词汇

近义词： disposition,temper,nature

反义词： body,flesh

spirit词义

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n. 精神；心灵；情绪；志气；烈酒vt. 鼓励；鼓舞；诱拐

词态变化

复数: spirits;第三人称单数: spirits;过去式: spirited;现在分词: spiriting;

中文词源

spirit 精神，心灵，勇气，意志，烈酒，酒精，灵魂，小精灵，小妖精

来自古法语 espirit,精神，灵魂，精气，来自拉丁语 spiritus,呼吸，吐气，神灵的呼吸，来自 spirare,呼吸，来自 PIE*speis,吹，词源同 conspire,perspire,respire.引申诸相关比喻义。比较另一个拉丁词 anima,呼吸，生命，衍生词 animal,animation.

spirit双语例句

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1. The requirement for work permits violates the spirit of the 1950 treaty.: 对工作许可证的要求违反了1950年条约的精神。

2. This adaptation perfectly captures the spirit of Kurt Vonnegut's novel.: 这次改编非常好地抓住了库尔特·冯内古特小说的精髓。

3. Alaskan Eskimos believe that every living creature possesses a spirit.: 阿拉斯加的爱斯基摩人认为每一个活着的生物都有灵魂。

4. I like to think of myself as a free spirit.: 我愿意把自己看成是个无拘无束的人。

5. Their problem can only be solved in a spirit of compromise.: 他们的问题只能通过妥协来解决。

spirit英文词源

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spirit: spirit: [13] Latin spīritus originally meant ‘breath’: it was derived from the verb spīrāre ‘breathe’ (source of English aspire [15], conspire [14], expire [15], inspire [14], perspire [17], respire [14], transpire [16], etc), which probably came ultimately from the prehistoric Indo-European base *speis- or *peis-, imitative of the sound of blowing or breathing out (source also of Old Church Slavonic piskati ‘whistle’, Serbo-Croat pistati ‘hiss’, and Old Norse físa ‘fart’).

But in the Augustan period it gradually began to take over as the word for ‘soul’ from anima (source of English animal, animate, etc), which itself originally denoted ‘breath’, and in Christian Latin writings it was the standard term used.
=> aspire, conspire, expire, inspire, perspire, respire, transpire
spirit (n.): mid-13c., "animating or vital principle in man and animals," from Anglo-French spirit, Old French espirit "spirit, soul" (12c., Modern French esprit) and directly from Latin spiritus "a breathing (respiration, and of the wind), breath; breath of a god," hence "inspiration; breath of life," hence "life;" also "disposition, character; high spirit, vigor, courage; pride, arrogance," related to spirare "to breathe," from PIE *(s)peis- "to blow" (cognates: Old Church Slavonic pisto "to play on the flute").

Meaning "supernatural immaterial creature; angel, demon; an apparition, invisible corporeal being of an airy nature" is attested from mid-14c.; from late 14c. as "a ghost" (see ghost (n.)). From c. 1500 as "a nature, character"; sense of "essential principle of something" (in a non-theological context, as in Spirit of St. Louis) is attested from 1680s, common after 1800; Spirit of '76 in reference to the qualities that sparked and sustained the American Revolution is attested by 1797 in William Cobbett's "Porcupine's Gazette and Daily Advertiser."

From late 14c. in alchemy as "volatile substance; distillate;" from c. 1500 as "substance capable of uniting the fixed and the volatile elements of the philosopher's stone." Hence spirits "volatile substance;" sense narrowed to "strong alcoholic liquor" by 1670s. This also is the sense in spirit level (1768). Also from mid-14c. as "character, disposition; way of thinking and feeling, state of mind; source of a human desire;" in Middle English freedom of spirit meant "freedom of choice." From late 14c. as "divine substance, divine mind, God;" also "Christ" or His divine nature; "the Holy Ghost; divine power;" also, "extension of divine power to man; inspiration, a charismatic state; charismatic power, especially of prophecy." Also "essential nature, essential quality." From 1580s in metaphoric sense "animation, vitality."

According to Barnhart and OED, originally in English mainly from passages in Vulgate, where the Latin word translates Greek pneuma and Hebrew ruah. Distinction between "soul" and "spirit" (as "seat of emotions") became current in Christian terminology (such as Greek psykhe vs. pneuma, Latin anima vs. spiritus) but "is without significance for earlier periods" [Buck]. Latin spiritus, usually in classical Latin "breath," replaces animus in the sense "spirit" in the imperial period and appears in Christian writings as the usual equivalent of Greek pneuma. Spirit-rapping is from 1852.
spirit (v.): 1590s, "to make more active or energetic" (of blood, alcohol, etc.), from spirit (n.). The meaning "carry off or away secretly" (as though by supernatural agency) is first recorded 1660s. Related: Spirited; spiriting.

spirit实用场景例句

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the power of the human spirit to overcome difficulties: 人类克服困难的精神力量

to be in high/low spirits: 情绪高 / 低

You must try and keep your spirits up (= stay cheerful) .: 你必须设法保持高昂的情绪。

My spirits sank at the prospect of starting all over again.: 想到一切都得从头再来，我的情绪一下子低落了。

a brave spirit: 勇敢的人

kindred spirits (= people who like the same things as you): 志趣相投的人

Show a little fighting spirit .: 要表现出一点斗志。

Although the team lost, they played with tremendous spirit.: 尽管输了，但队员表现得极为勇猛。

They took away his freedom and broke his spirit.: 他们夺去了他的自由，摧垮了他的意志。

The human spirit is virtually indestructible...: 人的精神实际上是不可摧毁的。

Marian retains a restless, youthful spirit, in search of new horizons.: 玛丽安怀着一颗年轻、不断进取的心去寻求新的天地。

His spirit has left him and all that remains is the shell of his body.: 他已灵魂出窍，剩下的只是他的躯壳。

...protection against evil spirits.: 避邪

She was a very brave girl and everyone who knew her admired her spirit.: 她是个非常勇敢的女孩，认识她的人都敬佩她的勇气。

They played with spirit.: 他们打得生龙活虎。

Their problem can only be solved in a spirit of compromise...: 他们的问题只能通过妥协来解决。

They approached the talks in a conciliatory spirit.: 他们抱一种和解的态度去参加谈判。

There is a great sense of team spirit among the British Olympic squad...: 在英国的奥运代表团中有一种强烈的团队精神。

The president has appealed to the Brazilian people for patriotism and community spirit.: 总统已经呼吁巴西人民要有爱国情怀和集体主义精神。

...the real spirit of the Labour movement.: 劳工运动的精髓

The requirement for work permits violates the spirit of the 1950 treaty.: 对工作许可证的要求违反了 1950 年条约的精神。

I like to think of myself as a free spirit...: 我愿意把自己看成是个无拘无束的人。

He was the founder and guiding spirit of New York's Shakespeare Festival.: 他是纽约莎士比亚戏剧节的创始人及领导者。

At supper, everyone was in high spirits...: 晚餐时，每个人都兴致勃勃。

A bit of exercise will help lift his spirits.: 进行一点儿体育锻炼能帮助他改善情绪。

He was spirited away and probably murdered...: 他被秘密带走，可能被杀害了。

His parents had spirited him away to the country...: 他的父母偷偷地将他带到了该国。

In spirit I was with you here.: 我在精神上支持你。

They seemed close in spirit to those first independent-minded Turkish women who took professions...: 她们在本质上似乎和那些最早出去工作的具有独立思想的土耳其女性很相似。

It is independent in spirit.: 它本质上是独立的。

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spirit双语例句

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spirit

spirit词义

词态变化

中文词源

spirit双语例句

spirit英文词源

spirit实用场景例句

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